Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 8 - 150 m (Ref. 9770), usually 24 - 147 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 30°N - 23°S
Indo-Pacific: Mauritius eastward through northern Australia to the Hawaiian and Society islands, north to southern Japan.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 30874)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 3; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 27 - 30; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 25 - 27. Females lack the blue chins of males and yellow margins on fins.
Occur in upper margins of current-swept seaward drop-offs and ledges (Ref. 205, 48637). Current-prone and with rich invertebrate growth such as seawhips. Usually found at moderate depths over 20 meters and occuring in small loose groups (Ref. 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Form loose aggregations a few meters above the bottom where it feeds on zooplankton, particularly copepods. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: مصائد تستهلك محلينا; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.3 - 28.2, mean 25.1 °C (based on 350 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 47.5 [20.3, 99.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.716 [0.369, 1.665] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.121 [0.058, 0.251] g/100g; Selenium = 43.3 [20.4, 97.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 78.5 [20.3, 304.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.70, 1.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
