Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; zoet water benthopelagisch. Temperate
Europe: Lake Kezenoi-am (formerly Eizenam) (Daghestan) in northern Caucasus, Russia. Introduced in 1963 in Lake Mochokh (Daghestan), probably established.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 113 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 59043); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 17.0 kg (Ref. 59043)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Distinguished from congeners in Caspian Sea basin by having the following unique characters: 16-21 short and broad gill rakers, without denticles, in large individuals sometimes slightly expanded at tip; maxilla not reaching posterior margin of eye; and bright coloration comprising of 10-30 relatively large (6-7 mm in diameter) carmine red spots above lateral line, small black spots on back, red spots on dorsal, upper caudal lobe, and adipose fins (Ref. 59043).
Inhabits mountain lake (Lake Kezenoi-am) with altitude of 1870 m above sea level, with a maximum depth of 74 m, temperature about 5° C below 20 m and 5-18° C in upper layers in summer, covered by ice in winter, high oxygen concentrations down to bottom throughout the year and low plankton density. This was the only fish inhabiting the lake prior to the introduction of Gobio holurus and Squalius cephalus. Young juveniles feed predominantly on gammarids, chironomid larvae; larger juveniles and adults prey on molluscs, benthic invertebrates and fry; largest individuals are mostly piscivorous, especially since the introduction of Gobio holurus. Spawns in lake, close to underwater springs. Large-sized individuals probably undertake migration to tributaries. Spawning extends over almost entire year. Threatened due to the introduction of Squalius cephalus, which feeds on its fry (Ref. 59043).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka, 2002. An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30. (Ref. 45022)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00488 - 0.02245), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
