分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 2 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). 热带; 34°N - 36°S, 99°E - 174°W (Ref. 5222)
Western Pacific: southern Japan to southern Queensland and east to Fiji and the islands of Micronesia. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Record from Western Australia in the Indian Ocean is dubious. Replaced by Epinephelus flavocaeruleus in the Indian Ocean (Ref. 37816).
西太平洋: 日本南部到昆士兰南部而且东至斐济与密克罗尼西亚的岛屿。 最近从东加记录。 (参考文献 53797) 在印度洋的来自西澳大利亚的记录是可疑的。 在印度洋被 黄鳍石斑鱼〔Epinephelus flavocaeruleus〕 取代了。 (参考文献 37816)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 64 - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4787); 最大体重: 17.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 16 - 17; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Juveniles are mostly yellow becoming gray with dark spots anteriorly. The gray area increases with increasing size until only the fins remain yellow on individuals of 15 to 20 cm (Ref. 37816).
稚鱼是前面地灰色的有深色的斑点的大部份黄色变成。 灰色的区域随着体型大小增大而增加，直到只有鳍一直是 15 到 20 公分的黄色个体。 (参考文献 37816)
Usually found around isolated coral heads in lagoons or bays, but also caught on outer reef area. According to Myers (1989, Ref. 4538) it usually swims out in the open, several meters above the bottom. It is readily caught by anglers at night. Feeds mainly on sand-dwelling fishes and crustaceans such as snake eels and box crabs. In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253).
通常发现于邻近泻湖或者海湾的孤立的珊瑚顶部, 也在外围礁石区域上面捕获。 通常根据 Myer(1989, 参考文献 4538) 它游到外面, 在底部上面的数公尺。 轻易地它是被垂钓者捕获在晚上。 主要吃栖息于砂中的鱼与甲壳动物例如蛇鳗与盒子螃蟹。 在香港活鱼贩售。 (参考文献 27253)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西太平洋: 日本南部到昆士兰南部而且东至斐济与密克罗尼西亚的岛屿。 最近从东加记录。 (参考文献 53797) 在印度洋的来自西澳大利亚的记录是可疑的。 在印度洋被 黄鳍石斑鱼〔Epinephelus flavocaeruleus〕 取代了。 (参考文献 37816)
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.5 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1250 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00705 - 0.01786), b=3.05 (2.92 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.1 [7.2, 34.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.448 [0.226, 0.897] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.8, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.112 [0.067, 0.188] g/100g; Selenium = 51 [27, 103] μg/100g; VitaminA = 192 [50, 735] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.956 [0.646, 1.371] mg/100g (wet weight);
