分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Zeiformes (Dories) >
Oreosomatidae (Oreos) > Pseudocyttinae
Etymology: Pseudocyttus: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, kyttaros, kytos = a convex cavity.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 400 - 1500 m (Ref. 5194), usually 900 - 1100 m (Ref. 36731). 深水域; 34°S - 67°S, 90°W - 176°W (Ref. 27159)
Southwest Atlantic: off Uruguay to Argentina and the Falklands. Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to South Africa, including the northern part of Walvis Ridge (Ref. 6545). South Pacific: off southern Chile, Bellingshausen and Australian-Antarctic Basin to New Zealand, New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia and the Kerguelen Islands.
西南大西洋: 外海的蘇利南, 外海的到阿根廷烏拉圭與福克蘭群島。 東南大西洋: 那米比亞到南非, 包括 Walvis 脊的北部.(參考文獻 6545) 南太平洋: 外海的智利南部, Bellingshausen 與澳洲-南極圈的到紐西蘭流域，新南威爾斯與塔斯梅尼亞, 澳洲與凱爾蓋朗群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 40.0 range ? - 41 cm
Max length : 68.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58312); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9258); 最大体重: 5.0 kg (Ref. 6390); 最大年龄: 100 年 (Ref. 27140)
背棘 (总数): 5 - 7; 背的软条 (总数): 33-36; 臀棘 2-3; 臀鳍软条: 31 - 34; 脊椎骨: 40 - 43. First dorsal spine longer than second dorsal spine. Opercles fully scaled (Ref. 27159).
Female adult chocolate brown in color with darker fins; prejuveniles silvery with numerous dark spots of various sizes which become larger with age (Ref. 6548).
雌性的成鱼褐色颜色有较深色的鳍; 前期幼生银色的有变得比较大的随着年龄的很多的不同大小的深色斑点。 (参考文献 6548)
Inhabit continental slopes of all southern continents (Ref. 6545). Adults found near the bottom; juveniles near the surface, usually in association with krill (Ref. 5194). Feed mainly on salps (Ref. 27150). Eggs float near the sea surface and larvae also inhabit surface waters (Ref. 6390). There is no vertical migration during the day or night (Ref. 27150).
栖息于所有南方的大陆的大陆斜坡。 (参考文献 6545) 成鱼在底部的附近发现; 稚鱼接近水表面, 通常在邻近磷虾.(参考文献 5194) 主要捕食被囊动物。 (参考文献 27150) 在海洋表面与仔鱼附近的卵漂流物也居住于水表面。 (参考文献 6390) 没有垂直性回游在白天期间或夜晚.(参考文献 27150)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Displays seasonally synchronised reproduction (Ref. 6390).西南大西洋: 外海的蘇利南, 外海的到阿根廷烏拉圭與福克蘭群島。 東南大西洋: 那米比亞到南非, 包括 Walvis 脊的北部.(參考文獻 6545) 南太平洋: 外海的智利南部, Bellingshausen 與澳洲-南極圈的到紐西蘭流域，新南威爾斯與塔斯梅尼亞, 澳洲與凱爾蓋朗群島。
Heemstra, P.C., 1990. Oreosomatidae. p. 226-228. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5194)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 6.1, mean 4.2 °C (based on 189 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00816 - 0.04876), b=3.00 (2.79 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.07; tmax=100; tm=31; Fec=6,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.2 [8.5, 36.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.416 [0.153, 0.905] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [14.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.332 [0.167, 0.702] g/100g; Selenium = 24.3 [9.3, 71.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [1.8, 67.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.335 [0.207, 0.526] mg/100g (wet weight);
