Issue
The species has been synonymized with Cephalopholis urodeta (Forster, 1801) for a long time (e.g., Ref. 4787, Ref. 5222).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 60 m (Ref. 89707), usually 0 - 15 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 12°N - 39°S, 40°E - 100°E (Ref. 89707)
Indian Ocean: From East coast of Africa (Kenay to South Africa) to Sumatra; Comoros Is., Mascarene Is., Maldives, Sri Lanka, Chagos I.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 89707)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 14 - 16; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9. Characterized by red color grading to dark brown on posterior part of the body; posterior edge of operculum with prominent brown "ear" spot; body scales ctenoid, including abdomen; greatest depth of body 2.7-3.1 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins 1.8-2.2 in head length (Ref. 90102); interorbital area convex; rounded preopercle, finely serrate, lower edge fleshy; subopercle and interopercle usually smooth; maxilla reaching well past eye (Ref. 089707).
Common throughout its range, the species inhabits coral-rich areas. It feeds on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 89707). Solitary (Ref 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra, 2011. Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group. 356 p. (Ref. 89707)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 29.2, mean 27.7 °C (based on 294 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00590 - 0.02687), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 58.8 [34.6, 105.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.603 [0.343, 1.113] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.177 [0.111, 0.280] g/100g; Selenium = 33.2 [18.0, 55.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 190 [70, 606] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.847 [0.610, 1.370] mg/100g (wet weight);
