分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) >
Umbridae (Mudminnows)
Etymology: Umbra: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335); limi: limi meaning of the mud (Ref. 10294).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 3 - 8. 溫帶; 17°C - 22°C (Ref. 1672); 52°N - 36°N
North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River) and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Manitoba in Canada and south to Ohio, Tennessee and Arkansas, USA; Hudson River drainage (Atlantic Slope) in New York, USA. Isolated populations in Missouri River drainage of South Dakota and Iowa, USA.
北美洲: 來自魁北克到加拿大的曼尼托巴的聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域而且南至俄亥俄州,田納西州與阿肯色州,美國; 在美國的紐約州的哈得遜河流域 (大西洋斜坡)。 達科塔南方部與美國愛荷華州的密蘇里河流域的孤立的族群。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 8.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 12193)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Occurs in quiet areas of streams, sloughs, swamps and other wetlands over mud and debris (Ref. 5723, 10294). Often found in dense vegetation. Tolerates drought, low oxygen levels and extremes water temperature (Ref. 5723). Feeds on aquatic insects, amphipods, isopods, and snails (Ref. 10294).
出现于在泥与残砾上的溪流,泥坑的安静区域,沼泽与其他的洼地。 时常发现于茂密的植物。 容忍乾旱,低溶氧量与极端水温。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
北美洲: 來自魁北克到加拿大的曼尼托巴的聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域而且南至俄亥俄州,田納西州與阿肯色州,美國; 在美國的紐約州的哈得遜河流域 (大西洋斜坡)。 達科塔南方部與美國愛荷華州的密蘇里河流域的孤立的族群。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
人类利用
水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6329 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00188 - 0.01164), b=3.14 (2.92 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec = 1,500; K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).