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Stolephorus tri (Bleeker, 1852)

Spined anchovy
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Stolephorus tri   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Stolephorus tri (Spined anchovy)
Stolephorus tri
Picture by FAO

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Stolephorus: Greek, stole, -es = garment + Greek, pherein = to carry (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; brackish; pelagic-neritic; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 17°N - 11°S, 98°E - 127°E (Ref. 189)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Pacific: Gulf of Thailand and Java Sea. Indian Ocean records probably based on Stolephorus baganensis or Stolephorus insularis.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.5 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 189)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 17 - 18. Belly with 6 or 7 small needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; a small pre-dorsal spine and another spine on the pelvic scute. Maxilla pointed, reaching to or beyond hind border of pre-operculum, the latter concave, indented near maxilla tip. Anal fin short, with origin below about middle of dorsal fin base. A double pigment line on back both before and behind dorsal fin.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

A schooling species found in coastal waters. Adults frequently visit the lower reaches of mangroves where neritic conditions are present (Ref. 43081). More specimens and data needed.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Wongratana, T., T.A. Munroe and M. Nizinski, 1999. Order Clupeiformes. Engraulidae. Anchovies. p. 1698-1753. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the WCP. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9822)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 10 March 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 28.2 - 29.1, mean 28.8 °C (based on 302 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00262 - 0.01101), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K>1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 472 [141, 1,252] mg/100g; Iron = 2.49 [1.36, 4.42] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.5, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.478 [0.207, 1.122] g/100g; Selenium = 45.4 [19.8, 97.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38.5 [8.5, 162.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.68 [1.74, 3.99] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.