分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 20 - 318 m (Ref. 56504). 亞熱帶的; 8°C - 24°C (Ref. 4944); 66°N - 9°N, 18°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Cape Blanc (along the African coast); not recorded at Madeira and the Azores. Also in the Mediterranean and Black seas.
東大西洋: 挪威到布朗角;(沿著非洲海岸) 在馬得拉群島與亞速群島沒有紀錄。 也在地中海與黑海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 24.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 82.8 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 113018); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大体重: 6.6 kg (Ref. 113018); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 26811)
Longest ray in the pectoral fin reaching the front part of the anal fin. Lateral line scales smooth. Reddish color (Ref. 35388).
在胸的鳍的长的鳍条达到臀鳍的前端。 侧线鳞片平滑的。 淡红的颜色.(参考文献 35388)
Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8.0-24.0 °C (Ref. 4944). Inhabits sand, muddy sand or gravel bottoms. Up to depth of 318 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on fish, crustaceans and mollusks. Has three isolated rays on the pectoral fin which function as legs on which the fish rests and also help in locating food on the soft bottom (Ref. 9988). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled, microwaved or baked (Ref. 9988).
生存在温度范围从 8.0-24.0 °C 。 (参考文献 4944) 栖息于沙子，泥泞的沙子或砾石底部。 在爱奥尼亚的海洋东部中提高到深度 318 公尺。 (参考文献 56504) 捕食鱼类, 甲壳动物与软件动物。 当腿在软质底部者上借着它鱼休息以及帮助寻找食物的时候，在运作的胸鳍上有三个孤立的鳍条。 (参考文献 9988) 生鲜或冷冻地在市场上销售; 吃油锅炸的, 火烤了, 微波了或者烧烤了.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 挪威到布朗角;(沿著非洲海岸) 在馬得拉群島與亞速群島沒有紀錄。 也在地中海與黑海。
Richards, W.J. and V.P. Saksena, 1990. Triglidae. p. 680-684. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3687)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7 - 16, mean 9.8 °C (based on 453 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00657 - 0.00916), b=3.03 (2.98 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.15-1.6(?); tmax=14; tm=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 59.3 [30.3, 142.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.876 [0.455, 1.775] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.342 [0.155, 0.950] g/100g; Selenium = 45.8 [22.0, 117.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.5 [3.6, 30.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.609 [0.431, 0.903] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
