Pygocentrus nattereri, Red piranha : fisheries, aquarium

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Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858

Red piranha
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> Characiformes (Characins) > Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Serrasalminae
Etymology: Pygocentrus: Greek, pyge = rump + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Kner.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

; 新鮮な水 外洋の; pH range: 5.5 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 20. Subtropical; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 13371); 9°N - 34°S

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South America: Amazon River basin, Paraguay-Paraná River basin, northeastern Brazilian coastal rivers and Essequibo River basin (Ref. 39031). Reported from the Uruguay River, Brazil (Ref. 79585).

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - 15 cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 81048); 最大公表体重: 3.9 kg (Ref. 40637)

簡単な記述 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計): 0; 背鰭 (合計): 16-18; 肛門の骨 0; 臀鰭: 27 - 30

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Common in creeks and interconnected ponds in Matto Grosso, Brazil, where it influences distribution and feeding of other fish (Ref. 9080) and in areas of high primary production in Rio Machado and Rio Negro (Ref.9096). Adults feed mainly at dusk and dawn. Feeds on insects, worms and fish (Ref. 7020). Medium-sized to large individuals (15-24 cm length) forage mainly at dawn, late afternoon and night up to about 2200H, whereas smaller fish (8-11 cm) are active mainly during the day (Ref. 9080). Teeth replacement on alternating sides of jaw allows continuous feeding. Its powerful dentition can inflict serious bites. Has a highly evolved auditory capacity and a 'lurking', then 'dashing' behavior during daytime. Shows hierarchies within small schools (Ref. 9077). Available information on body composition of 'piranha caju' flesh is 8.2% fat, 15.0% protein and 4.4% ash (Ref. 9251).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | | 生産力 | 幼生

Males and females appear externally alike (Refs. 2279 & 9245). In 'Serrasalmus sp. aff. nattereri', reported to occur in the Orinoco basin (Venezuela, Guyana), the males have more 'bull-like' heads, but are more slender than females (Ref. 1672). Eggs are laid on tree roots trailing in the water and are guarded; the reproductive success may vary strongly from year to year depending on how the savanna was flooded (Ref. 9078). The eggs are large, adhere to plants and are not attacked by the parents. They hatch in 9 to10 days (Ref. 7020).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Fink, W.L., 1993. Revision of the piranha genus Pygocentrus. Copeia 1993(3):665-687. (Ref. 27142)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)


CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 4537)





Human uses

水産業: 少数商業の; 水族館・水槽: 商業
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.01373 - 0.03180), b=3.16 (3.04 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.61 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  手段, 1.4年~4.4年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.89; tm=1; Fec=4,000-5,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 59.4 [26.7, 161.3] mg/100g; Iron = 2.16 [1.01, 5.44] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [17.4, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.665 [0.258, 1.848] g/100g; Selenium = 32.6 [11.5, 81.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.8 [3.9, 59.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.783 [0.500, 1.228] mg/100g (wet weight);