Pollachius pollachius, Pollack : fisheries, gamefish
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Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Pollack
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This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pollachius pollachius   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pollachius pollachius (Pollack)
Pollachius pollachius
Picture by Ueberschär, B.

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> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Pollachius: Scottish dialect, podlock, paddle = bumpfish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien benthopelagisch; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 40 - 200 m (Ref. 6302), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 54707). Temperate; 72°N - 36°N, 25°W - 28°E

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Northeast Atlantic: Iceland, the Faeroes and Norway to the Bay of Biscay (Ref. 1371); also southern Baltic Sea (Ref. 89342) with records from Poland, Latvia and Estonia (Refs. 36252, 52079).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 41.0, range 42 - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 1371); common length : 75.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 1371); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 18.1 kg (Ref. 40637); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 8 Jaren (Ref. 1371)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 29-33; Anale zachte stralen: 27 - 30; Wervels: 52 - 55. Lower jaw distinctly projecting beyond upper ones. Lacks a chin barbel. Dark lateral line that sharply curves over the pectoral fin and continues over whole body. No dark spot at pectoral fin base. Dorsal and anal fin interspaces short. Sensory canals with large pores on head. Body color is variable; dark dorsally, sharply distinguished from silver-gray sides and belly; the upper part of the body with yellow to orange streaks or blotches; the lateral line greenish. The fins uniformly dark except for the pelvic fins which are yellowish.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found in inshore waters but also down to 200 m depth, in areas with hard bottoms. Juveniles are pelagic, spending 2-3 years near the coast including rocky areas, kelp beds, sandy shores and estuaries (Ref. 1371, 58137, 89343, 89362). Juveniles may form schools with saithe (Pollachius virens) (Ref. 88187), and have also been found solitary and defending their feeding territory (Refs. 42174, 89363). Larger individuals move to the open sea and are often found around rocky areas at 40-100 m depth (Ref. 1371). Also observed around shipwrecks and oil platforms (Ref. 88187). Adults occur singly or in small dispersed shoals but is known to form dense shoals on spawning grounds (Ref. 89364). Suggested to undertake spawning migrations (Ref. 88171). Caught as bycatch in cod and saithe fisheries. Flesh is dry but of good flavor (Ref. 35388). Classified as a "hearing generalist" (89365); has also been found to produce sound. Juveniles have been reported to make repeated short grunts during competitive feeding and aggressive encounters (89366).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Oviparous and gonochorous (Ref. 205).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 October 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; sportvis: ja
FAO - Aquacultuur: productie; visserij: aanvoer, soortsprofiel; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7 - 11.9, mean 8.9 °C (based on 283 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00603 - 0.00831), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.19; tmax=8).
Prior r = 0.63, 95% CL = 0.42 - 0.95, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 8.53 [3.62, 29.51] mg/100g; Iron = 0.222 [0.085, 0.575] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.7, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.544 [0.279, 1.082] g/100g; Selenium = 25.4 [8.6, 76.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.8 [4.6, 71.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.401 [0.206, 0.797] mg/100g (wet weight);