Tenualosa toli, Toli shad : fisheries

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Tenualosa toli (Valenciennes, 1847)

Toli shad
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Tenualosa toli   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Tenualosa toli (Toli shad)
Tenualosa toli
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Tenualosa: Latin, tenuis = thin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino; agua dulce; salobre; anadromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 10 - ? m (Ref. 26929). Tropical; 23°N - 7°S, 70°E - 119°E (Ref. 54917)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: India to the Java Sea and the South China Sea. Newly recorded from Mauritius (Ref. 33390). May be found in Cambodian Mekong near the Viet Nam border (Ref. 12693).

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm 29.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 12693); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 4832); edad máxima reportada: 2.00 años (Ref. 26929)

Short description Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total): 0; Espinas anales 0. Belly with 28 to 30 scutes. A distinct median notch in upper jaw, which distinguishes it from other similar clupeids, except Hilsa kelee. Gill rakers fine but not numerous, 60 to 100 on lower part of arch. Caudal fin short. At most, a dark diffuse mark behind gill opening, but no other spots on flank.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Inhabits fast-flowing, turbid estuaries and adjacent coastal waters (Ref. 26929). Schooling in coastal waters, euryhaline and perhaps anadromous, ascending rivers to breed (but in some areas fishery workers claim that it does not). A protandrous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Presumably its biology is similar to that of T. ilisha, but the fewer gill rakers suggest that it takes larger food organisms. Reported to feed on zooplankton (Ref. 58784). More data needed especially since it is not always distinguished from T. ilisha, especially at juvenile stages. Marketed fresh or dried-salted.

Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

A semelparous species, but although each individual spawns only once and then dies, the spawning season for the species as a whole lasts from May to November (Ref. 26929). A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Sex change occurs at a length of 11.0 cm TL and 1.24 years of age (Ref. 55367).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Vulnerable, ver lista roja de la UICN (VU) (B2ab(iii,v)); Date assessed: 06 March 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Pesquerías: muy comercial
FAO - pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Nombres comunes
Sinónimos
Metabolismo
Despredadores
Ecotoxicología
Reproducción
Madurez
Puesta
Agregación para la puesta
Fecundidad
Huevos
Egg development
Age/Size
Crecimiento
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometría
Morfología
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
BRUVS
Referencias
Acuicultura
Perfil de acuicultura
Razas
Genética
Electrophoreses
heritabilidad
Enfermedades
Procesamiento
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Colaboradores
Imágenes
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Sonidos
Ciguatera
Velocidad
Tipo de natación
Superficie branquial
Otolitos
Cerebros
Visión

Herramientas

Special reports

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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de datos nacionales | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 27.1 - 29.2, mean 28.6 °C (based on 466 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00595 - 0.01605), b=3.09 (2.95 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  2.5   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (K=0.7; assuming tmax>3, fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 75.7 [56.7, 102.9] mg/100g; Iron = 2.21 [1.28, 3.67] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [16.1, 17.7] %; Omega3 = 0.553 [0.268, 1.150] g/100g; Selenium = 50 [21, 122] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.2 [4.8, 42.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.19 [0.77, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);