Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 70 - 135 m (Ref. 7251). Subtropical; 30°N - 4°N, 98°W - 50°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and the entire Gulf of Mexico to the Guianas.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 8;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 14;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 8. No prominent spines on opercle; body pale red; yellow line running from snout to lower edge of eye; chest silver-white; dorsal and anal fins edged with a yellow line; caudal fin pale red with upper and lower marginal yellow lines; pectoral and pelvic fins dusky (Ref. 13608).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsElectrophoresesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19 - 26.3, mean 23 °C (based on 34 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).