Squalius squalus

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Squalius squalus (Bonaparte, 1837)

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Squalius squalus
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology: More on author: Bonaparte.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Temperate

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Europe: Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Sea basins, from Genova to southernmost Italy, Ionian Sea basin in southern Italy (Sini and Basento drainages), Adriatic basin from Ofanto drainage (southern Italy) to Skadar and Ohrid basins.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 59043); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 59043)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits mainly small rivers and streams with riffles and pools. May be confined to very small pools during summer. Also found along shores of slowly flowing lowland rivers, even in very small mountain streams and in large lakes, undertaking spawning migrations to inflowing streams or spawning in very shallow water, over stones close to surf zones. Feeding larvae and juveniles occur in very shallow shoreline habitats. Juveniles are gregarious while adults are more solitary. Feeds on various aquatic and terrestrial animal and plant material. Large individuals feed mainly on fishes. Breeds in shallow riffles with fast-flowing water. Often forms hybrids with Alburnus arborella and Alburnus albidus. Attains up to at least 60 cm SL (Ref. 59043).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Spawns in shallow riffle habitats with fast-flowing water. Females spawn more than once during a season; individual females spawn with several males. Males assemble at the spawning sits and follow ripe females, frequently with much splashing, to shallow riffles or lake shores. Females lay sticky eggs into excavations made in gravel (Ref. 59043)

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2010

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration
Common names
Synonyms
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Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
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Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
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Ciguatera
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Otoliths
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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00451 - 0.01061), b=3.13 (3.00 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tm=3-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).