| Main Ref. | Roxo, F.F., C. Oliveira and C.H. Zawadzki, 2012 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Males bear a papilla in the urogenital opening, and a membrane along dorsal portion of the unbranched pelvic-fin ray. These characters were observed in nominal Neoplecostomus species and in the three new species described herein. Males seem to reach a greater length as seen in the paratypes, and odontodes on head seem to be slightly more evident on larger mature males. |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Distinguished from all other congeners by having moderate keels along each lateral series of plates (vs. keels absent in all series of plates) and by first plates in the mid-ventral series that are smaller in length than the area surrounding each plate (vs. greater). These characteristics are more evident in mature males. This species further differs from all other congeners, except N. selenae and N. yapo, due to the presence of odontodes along the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes that are slightly larger than the remaining odontodes on the head (vs. odontodes along the snout margin and ridge over eyes similar in length to the remaining odontodes on the head). Neoplecostomus bandeirante differs from N. selenae and N. yapo by the absence of a swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes in mature males (vs. presence of swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and ridge over eyes in mature males) (Ref. 89726). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | no striking attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 7 - 7 |
| Adipose fin | present |
| Attributes | forked |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 6 - 6 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 |