Morphology Data of Petersius conserialis
Identification keys
Abnormalities
Main Ref. Melo, B.F. and M.L.J. Stiassny, 2022
Appearance refers to
Bones in OsteoBase

Sex attributes

Specialized organs
Different appearance
Different colors
Remarks Males have the fifth through ninth rays of the anal fin expanded and forming a distinct median anal-fin lobe; females have straight-edged anal fin with no median lobe (Ref. 127953).

Descriptive characteristics of juvenile and adult

Striking features
Body shape lateral fusiform / normal
Cross section
Dorsal head profile
Type of eyes
Type of mouth/snout
Position of mouth
Type of scales
Diagnosis

Diagnosis: This species is diagnosed by a unique cuspidation pattern of the inner row premaxillary dentition with the cusps of the cutting-edge oriented buccally, vs. lingually oriented in all other alestids, and the possession of a distinctively shaped margin of the supraoccipital with a steep anterodorsal convexity at the junction of the parietals followed by a dorsomedial concavity on the surface of the supraoccipital (Ref. 127953).

Description: Body moderately elongate, body height 3.1 times in standard length; dorsal head profile concave from snout to supraoccipital, convex to dorsal-fin origin, slightly convex along dorsal-fin base to adipose fin, and slightly concave from adipose fin to origin of caudal fin; ventral body profile convex from anterior tip of lower jaw to end of anal-fin base, slightly concave to caudal fin; caudal peduncle longer than deep (Ref. 42032, 127953). Head length 3.75 times in standard length (Ref. 42032). Adipose eyelid weakly developed, restricted to thin band immediately anterior to orbit; snout shorter than orbital diameter; nostrils closely aligned, anterior nostril circular, posterior nostril semi lunate (Ref. 127953). Lower jaw slightly prognathous, mouth superior, horizontally aligned with dorsal margin of pupil; teeth in both jaws pluricuspid and incisiform with reduced buccal shelves; dentary with 4 outer row teeth, median tooth frequently with five cusps, second and third teeth with seven cusps, fourth tooth markedly smaller than adjacent tooth; inner row of conical teeth proximate to dentary symphysis absent ; contralateral premaxillae separated by anteromedial process of mesethmoid and without interdigitations connecting medial surfaces; premaxilla with two rows of pluricuspid teeth; outer premaxillary row usually with 2 tricuspid teeth, but number variable (0, 1 or 3), even variable contralaterally; regardless of number, outer row premaxillary teeth always implanted above and between inner row teeth; inner premaxillary row with 4 teeth, each with 7 cusps; series of cutting-edge cusps of inner row premaxillary teeth located along buccal, vs. lingual, face of each tooth; four replacement teeth in both premaxillary and dentary replacement trenches; maxilla edentulous, ascending process elongate and pointed, without terminal bifurcation (Ref. 127953). Distal margin of dorsal fin straight, second unbranched and first branched fin rays longest; dorsal-fin rays ii,8, first unbranched ray very short; distal margin of pectoral fin straight or slightly rounded; adpressed pectoral fin reaching or surpassing pelvic-fin origin; pectoral-fin rays ii,13-15; pelvic fin pointed, adpressed pelvic fin reaching two to four scales short of anal-fin origin; pelvic-fin rays ii,7-10; caudal fin forked; adipose fin present, tall with narrow base; anal fin emarginate, anteriormost branched rays more than twice length of ultimate ray; anal-fin rays iii,18-20, first unbranched ray very short; vertical, dorsal and caudal fins not filamentous (Ref. 42032, 127953). Lateral line scales from supracleithrum to hypural joint 30-33; anteriormost 6 scales of lateral line descending steeply to below midlateral line; last 3-4 pored scales slightly ascending to midlateral body plane; scales posterior to hypural joint 2 or 3; scales in transverse series from lateral line to dorsal-fin origin 6.5 or 7.5; scales in transverse series from lateral line to pelvic-fin origin 2 or 2.5; middorsal series from supraoccipital tip to dorsal-fin origin 13-17; circumpeduncular scales 10 or 11; axial scale present, extending over basal third of pelvic fin (Ref. 127953). First gill arch with 11-12 epibranchial rakers and 18-23 rakers on ceratobranchial and hypobranchial arches (Ref. 127953). Total vertebrae 36 or 37; supraneurals 8, first supraneural associated with fourth vertebra (Ref. 127953).

Colouration: In preservation, overall body colouration brownish yellow, darker dorsally than ventrally, often with overlay of silver iridescence; small, vertically elongated humeral blotch of pigmentation around fourth and fifth scale of midlateral surface of body, faint in most specimens but more evident in larger individuals; faint deep-lying longitudinal stripe along midlateral surface from supracleithrum to anterior margin of caudal peduncle; posterior region of caudal peduncle with blotch of dark pigmentation, circular to ovoid in shape extending to proximal margin of middle caudal-fin rays; distal caudal-fin lobes with dark margins; adipose fin outlined by small dark chromatophores, more so on dorsal margin (Ref. 127953). In life overall body colouration iridescent silver, darker dorsally; humeral and caudal blotch visible but overlain by silver iridescence; dorsal, caudal, and anal fins yellowish to dark orange, distal margin of caudal fin darker; adipose fin yellowish; pectoral and pelvic fins hyaline; first unbranched pectoral-fin ray slightly darker (Ref. 127953).

Ease of Identification

Meristic characteristics of Petersius conserialis

Lateral Lines Interrupted: No
Scales on lateral line 30 - 33
Pored lateral line scales
Scales in lateral series
Scale rows above lateral line 6.5 - 7.5
Scale rows below lateral line 2 - 2.5
Scales around caudal peduncle 10 - 11
Barbels
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only)
Gill rakers
on lower limb 18 - 23
on upper limb 11 - 12
total
Vertebrae
preanal
total 36 - 37

Fins

Dorsal fin(s)

Attributes no striking attributes
Fins number 1
Finlets No. Dorsal   
Ventral  
Spines total 0 - 0
Soft-rays total 10 - 10
Adipose fin present

Caudal fin

Attributes forked; more or less normal

Anal fin(s)

Fins number 1
Spines total 0 - 0
Soft-rays total 21 - 23

Paired fins

Pectoral Attributes  more or less normal
Spines     0
Soft-rays   15 - 17
Pelvics Attributes  more or less normal
Position    abdominal  before origin of D1
Spines     0
Soft-rays   9 - 12
Main Ref. (e.g. 9948)
Glossary ( e.g. cephalopods )
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