| Ictaluridae, Cyprinidae, Anguillidae |
| Skin lesions, necrosis of liver and kidney, gas-boils in muscles or kidney, friable liver. Some symptoms include lesions in the muscle, the fish can loose mobility of the infected caudal portion of the body, generalized internal hyperaemia, enlarged kidney, and a mottled liver. Some infected species exhibits rectal protrusion, gas-filled pockets in the skin, necrosis of the muscle tissues, ulcerative lesions, exopthalmia and catarachs, swelling of the spleen, and fin haemorrhage (Ref. 48850). |
| Sulfonamid and Tetracycline therapy. Avoid overcrowding. Water quality must be optimal. |
| Optimal water condition. Vaccination when possible. |
| The bacteria can be potential health hazard to other animals including humans. The bacteria can cause diarrhoea and gastroenteritis, can cause typhoid-like illness in extraintestinal infections, peritonitis with sepsis and cellulitis. Other symptoms in humans include meningitis, jungle diarrhoea, and possibly associated with Entamoeba histolytica infection. Each symptoms vary with different species of fish; therefore observation of signs are generally of little use (Ref. 48850). |
| very high (60% - 80%) |
|
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