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List of Freshwater Fishes reported from Brazil
n = 3661
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Table 1: 3624 species currently present in the country/island (endemic, native, introduced, reintroduced);
Table 2: 20 species possibly present in the country/island (stray, questionable);
Table 3: 17 species demonstrated to be absent in the country/island (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: 3661 species reported from the country/island altogether.
Table : 3661 .
     
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Family Species Author Info Occurrence Common names Abundance Max length Maturity Remark Photo
Characidae Aphyodite tupebas Esguícero & Castro, 2017 Fr native   2.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the lower Rio Solimões, including its tributary Rio Tefé in Amazonas State (Ref. 116757). - 
Rivulidae Aphyolebias boticarioi Costa, 2004 Fr native    Known from the upper Rio Purus drainage, Amazon basin in northern Brazil (Ref. 52556). - 
Achiridae Apionichthys dumerili Kaup, 1858 Fr, Br native  Linguado (Portuguese), Tapa (Portuguese)  13.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from estuarine areas of Oyapock, Amazon and Grajaú rivers; also enters low land freshwaters in Jari river (Ref. 36798). Also Ref. 49504. + 
Achiridae Apionichthys finis (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native  Linguado (Portuguese), Sóia (Portuguese)   8.79 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36798). + 
Achiridae Apionichthys menezesi Ramos, 2003 Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ref. 49504). - 
Achiridae Apionichthys nattereri (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native  Linguado (Portuguese), Aramaçã (Portuguese), Aramaçá (Portuguese), Linguado de rio (Portuguese)  23.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36798). + 
Achiridae Apionichthys rosai Ramos, 2003 Fr native    3.45 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon basin (Ref. 49504). - 
Achiridae Apionichthys seripierriae Ramos, 2003 Fr native   8.79 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Jurua and Rio Amazonas (Ref. 49504). - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma acrensis Staeck, 2003 Fr native     Found in the Purus and Acre River basins (Ref. 97592). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma agassizii (Steindachner, 1875) Fr native  Agassízi (Portuguese), Acará (Portuguese)   4.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma amoena (Cope, 1872) Fr misidentification   6.30 cm TL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm female  Recorded from this country (Ref. 7020). Occurrence of the species in the country is not confirmed (Ref. 36377). - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma angayuara Kullander & Ferreira, 2005 Fr native    2.47 cm SL male/unsexed ;2.27 cm SL female  Type locality, Rio Trombetas right bank, below cachoeira Vira Mundo, Pará State (Ref. 56722). - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma arua Römer & Warzel, 1998 Fr native    4.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.50 cm SL female  Known only from the type locality in a small igarapé (forest stream), a right-bank affluent of the Rio Arua, upstream of a waterfall near the village of Arua in the upper Arapiuns system, Para State. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma bitaeniata Pellegrin, 1936 Fr native   4.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Igarapé Preto and Lago Tefé (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma borellii (Regan, 1906) Fr native  Cará (Portuguese), Acará (Portuguese)   3.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Paraguay River basin (Ref. 36377). Also Ref. 4537. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma brevis Kullander, 1980 Fr native    3.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Uaupés River basin, Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Small igarapé of Lago Penera, 0°01'N, 67°21'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma cacatuoides Hoedeman, 1951 Fr native   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed   + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma caetei Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    3.60 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female  Known from the Apeú and Caete rivers in Bragança, Pará (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Igarapé in Bragança, Pará, Brazil, 1°45'S, 46°47'W (Ref. 12965). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma commbrae (Regan, 1906) Fr native  Cará (Portuguese), Acará (Portuguese)   3.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.50 cm TL female    + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma diplotaenia Kullander, 1987 Fr native    2.92 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm TL female  Type locality, est. Amazonas, R., Negro drainage system, , downstream of the R. Daraã, MZUSP 28213 (holotype of Apistogramma diplotaenia, 2.84 cm SL, male) (Ref. 86447). Known from the Amazon River basin, in the middle Negro River (Ref. 36377). Found throughout the Anavilhanas Archipelago in the Rio Negro where fishing is now forbidden (Ref. 12251). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma eleutheria Varella & Britzke, 2016 Fr native   3.95 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.01 cm SL female  Type locality of Apistogramma eleutheria from Pará, Altamira: rio Xingu basin, rio Iriri drainage, rio Treze de Maio, a tributary of rio Curuá, upstream of PCH Salto Treze de Maio dam; MZUSP 115293 (Ref. 129298). - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma elizabethae Kullander, 1980 Fr native    4.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.00 cm female  Known from the Amazon River basin in the Uaupés River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Affluent of Rio Uaupés at Trovao, ca. 20 km from mouth of Uaupés, 0°02'N, 67°26'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma erythrura Staeck & Schindler, 2008 Fr introduced    4.34 cm SL male/unsexed    + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma eunotus Kullander, 1981 Fr native   5.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma flavipedunculata Varella & Britzke, 2016 Fr native   4.55 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Apistogramma flavipedunculata from Pará, Altamira, rio Xingu basin, rio Iriri drainage, rio Escorpião, tributary of the upper rio Curuá, at route BR163 bridge; MZUSP 115292 (Ref. 129298). - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma geisleri Meinken, 1971 Fr native    2.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the region of the lower Trombetas River basin (Ref. 36377). Belem do Para, near where these fish can be found, was a major fish exporting point in the 1950's and large quantities of these fish were exported but never spawned because the females were separated as another species and these fish were shipped with the females of still another species (Ref. 12251). Type locality: Rio Curuçamba near Obidos, Amazonas, Brazil (Ref. 12965). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma gephyra Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    3.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female  Known from the lower Negro River basin, Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Rio Igarapé affluent of Rio Negro, Archipel das Anavilhanas, 3°00'S, 60°45'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma gibbiceps Meinken, 1969 Fr endemic   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from Branco and middle Negro River basins in the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Rio Negro, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma gossei Kullander, 1982 Fr native    4.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from the Oyapock River (Ref. 12251, 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma hippolytae Kullander, 1982 Fr endemic    3.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from the Amazon River basin, middle Negro River drainage (near mouths of Urubaxi and Daraã rivers), and Lake Manacapuru (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Igarapé des Lago Manacapuru, Rio Solimoes system, Amazonas, Brazil (Ref. 12965). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma inconspicua Kullander, 1983 Fr native   3.80 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female   + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma juruensis Kullander, 1986 Fr endemic    2.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Juruá River basin, Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma kullanderi Varella & Sabaj Pérez, 2014 Fr native   7.97 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.87 cm SL female  Found only in the from the upper rio Curuá and two of its larger tributaries on Serra do Cachimbo, an isolated plateau of the Brazilian (Guaporé) Shield (Ref. 98797). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma linkei Koslowski, 1985 Fr native    3.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female    + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma meinkeni Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    3.50 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm female  Known from the Uaupés River basin of the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Affluent of Rio Uaupés at Trovao, ca. 20 km from mouth of Uaupés, 0°02'N, 67°26'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma mendezi Römer, 1994 Fr endemic     Known from the Negro River basin of the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Small igarapé (forest stream) near airfield of Barcelos do Rio Negro, Dept. Amazonas, Brazil (aprox. 63.04’W/0.01’S), sometimes called "Rio Salgádo" by local people. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma moae Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the upper Juruá River basin (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma paucisquamis Kullander & Staeck, 1988 Fr endemic   3.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the middle and lower Negro River from Daraã River to the Anavilhanas Archipelago (Ref. 36377). Type locality: small shallow bay on the right bank of Rio Negro, Anavilhanas Is., MZUSP 36952 (holotype of Apistogramma paucisquamis, 2.97 cm SL, adult male) (Ref. 58483). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma personata Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    5.17 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the Uaupés River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Rio Uaupés, Assai, 0°02'N, 67°27'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12251). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma pertensis (Haseman, 1911) Fr, Or endemic  Pertense (Portuguese)   3.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm TL female  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the lower Negro River and from Manacapuru to Monte Alegre along the Amazon-Solimões River (Ref. 36377). Exported to North America as an aquarium fish (Ref. 4537). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma piauiensis Kullander, 1980 Fr native    2.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Parnaíba River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Lagoa Seca, ca. 1 km from camp on Rio Parnaiba at Barra do Longa, near Buriti dos Lopes, Brazil, 3°08'S, 41°54'W (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma pulchra Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    3.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Madeira River basin of the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Rio Preto, affluent of Rio Candeias, 25 km from Porto-Velho, Rondonia Terr., Brazil, 8°46'S, 63°45'W (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma regani Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic  Acarra (Portuguese)   4.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the lower Negro River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Igarapé affluent of Rio Negro, Archipel das Anavilhanas, 3°00'S, 60°45'W, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Anavilhanas Archipelago is now a protected area where fishing is prohibited (Ref. 12251). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma resticulosa Kullander, 1980 Fr endemic    3.87 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the Madeira River drainage near Huamitá (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Igarapé Xicanga, ca. 5 km west of Humaitá, 7°31'S, 63°04'W, Rio Madeira drainage system, Amazonas State, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma rupununi Fowler, 1914 Fr native    3.80 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from the Branco River of the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36377). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma salpinction Kullander & Ferreira, 2005 Fr native    3.35 cm SL male/unsexed    - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma sororcula Staeck & Schindler, 2016 Fr native   4.17 cm SL male/unsexed   - 
Cichlidae Apistogramma staecki Koslowski, 1985 Fr native    2.10 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female  Known from Mato Grosso (Ref. 12251). + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma taeniata (Günther, 1862) Fr endemic   4.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the lower Tapajós River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Rio Cupai, 800 mi. from the sea, Brazil (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 12251. + 
Cichlidae Apistogramma trifasciata (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903) Fr native    3.80 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.60 cm female  Known from the Amazon River basin in the middle Guaporé drainage and from the Paraná River basin in the Paraguay River drainage (Ref. 36377). Found in Mato Grosso area (Ref. 12251). + 
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