| 参照番号 | Murdy, E.O. and J.A. Musick, 2013 |
| エコシステム | Chesapeake Bay |
| 地位 | Native |
| 豊度 | |
| 生命段階 | adults |
| 地域のデータベース | |
| 意見 | Present in major tributaries to the bay. Adults frequent in brakish water, especially during winter months. Spawning occurs in shallow freshwaters during May and June (Ref. 27549). Juvenile menhaden and white perch are regular prey item (Ref. 93252). |