Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
; marin; saumã¢tre rã©cifal; profondeur 0 - 5 m. Subtropical; 43°N - 25°N, 82°W - 68°W
Western Atlantic: Cape Cod, Massachusetts to Florida in USA, straggling south to Miami in cold years.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - 38 cm
Max length : 43.2 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 40637); poids max. publié: 2.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
Largely inhabits inshore water on rocky bottoms and reefs, jetties and wrecks. Frequently occurs among litter and tolerates polluted water. Becoming important as an experimental fish because of its size and hardiness. Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35422).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 123251)
CITES (Ref. 118484)
Not Evaluated
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêche sportive: oui; Aquarium: Aquariums publics
Plus d'informations
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 10.2 - 26.1, mean 20.7 °C (based on 126 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00460 - 0.01984), b=3.07 (2.88 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 10.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Faible, temps minimum de doublement de population : 4,5 à 14 années (K=0.11; tmax=8).
Vulnérabilité (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100) .