Mullus barbatus, Red mullet : fisheries, gamefish

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Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758

Red mullet
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Image of Mullus barbatus (Red mullet)
Mullus barbatus
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes) > Mulliformes (Goatfishes) > Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Mullus: Latin, mullus = soft (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Issue
Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 and Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 (restricted to Black and Azov Seas) are constantly recognized as subspecies rank, including in Eschmeyer's CofF (ver. Nov. 2020). Related information is found under the "Stocks" link in the species summary page / More info.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 328 m (Ref. 56504), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). Subtropical; 58°N - 14°N, 32°W - 42°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: British Isles (occasionally Scandinavia) to Dakar, Senegal, Canary Islands, Mediterranean, Black Sea (Ref. . Also known from the Azores (Ref. 4845).

Two subspecies are recognized: Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 in the Black Sea, and Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 in the rest of the distribution area. If they are 2 different clades, the presence of the later in the southeastern Black Sea remains to be clearly evidenced. Please send PDFs or more studies are needed.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 11.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.2 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 88921); common length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4845); max. published weight: 680.00 g (Ref. 88921)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found on gravel, sand and mud bottoms of the continental shelf. Depth range from 10-300 m (Ref. 07313) and up to depth of 328 in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on small benthic crustaceans, worms and mollusks (Ref. 4845). Marketed mainly fresh (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Randall, John E. | Collaborators

Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. Mullidae. p. 827-829. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7313)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 125652)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 July 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Ecology
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Synonyms
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Eggs
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Age/Size
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Morphometrics
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Otoliths
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Tools

Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.1 - 15.9, mean 14.2 °C (based on 119 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00792 - 0.00958), b=3.09 (3.06 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.2 (2.7 - 4.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 49 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.11-0.5; tmax=11).
Prior r = 0.68, 95% CL = 0.42 - 1.04, Based on 13 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (12 of 100) .
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 95.2 [36.7, 180.8] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.602 [0.223, 2.011] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.5 [18.7, 20.2] % ; Omega3 = 0.784 [0.512, 1.197] g/100g ; Selenium = 21.7 [9.4, 49.7] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 11.9 [4.5, 43.3] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.284 [0.171, 0.702] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.