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Larvae Information Summary for  Harengula thrissina
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Main Ref: Watson, W. and E.M. Sandknop 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)     3.7 35601
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development planktonic
Larval area California Current region
Yolk-sac ovoid     Ref:  
Yolk segmented Oil globules one oil globulecentralventral
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail one dorso-ventral cluster or band
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on trunk
Post larvae
Striking feature none
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature none
Shape of gut tube-like
Gas bladder   early pigmented late pigmented
Spinal armature   early   late  
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail dorsal + ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail tail partly covered with melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early pigmented late pigmented
Peritoneum with row of melanophores
Pectorals normal without melanophores
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent) without melanophores
4-6 myomeres between dorsal fin insertion and anal fin origin; moderate to heavy pigment over notochord tip through early postflexion stage; pigment dorsally on head and dorsal margin beginning early in postflexion stage. Pigmentation: Yolk-sac: on dorsum initially, moving to gut by end of stage except remaining around notochord tip. Preflexion: dorsally and ventrally on notochord tip; on cleithrum at pectoral fin base; on isthmus, dorsolaterally along sides of gut; over gas bladder; on ventral margin of gut posteriorly from gas bladder except none onlast 10-20%. Flexion-postflexion: at nape by 6.6 mm, extending caudad along dorsal margin, becoming deeply internal and reaching urostyle by 14 mm, pair under brain by 6.6 mm; in otic capsule by 9,5 mm; increasing on isthmus and cleithrum after 9.5 mm; over foregut by 9 mm; posteriorly on lateral midline by 14 mm, extending cephalad; on ventral margin of tail by 14 mm; on dorsal fin base by 14 mm; proximally on caudal fin rays; internally on urostyle and hypurals. Sequence of fin development: caudal, dorsal, anal, pelvics, pectorals.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of myomeres 43 40   35601
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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