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Larvae Information Summary for  Echiichthys vipera
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Main Ref: Russell, F.S. 1976
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm) 3.27 3 3.13  
Preanal L. % TL 45.6 41.6 42.9 69
Place of development planktonic
Larval area Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean
Yolk-sac elongated   pigmented Ref:  
Yolk unsegmented Oil globules more than one oil globuleventralpigmented
Rows on tail dorsal + ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Larva, which has almost absorbed the yolk, has two bars of melanophores on the body and melanophores on snout, head and peritoneum.
Post larvae
Striking feature other
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal normal (not striking)
Striking feature other
Shape of gut triangular
Gas bladder   early invisible late invisible
Spinal armature   early opercular spines only late several different spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early pigmented late pigmented
Peritoneum covered with melanophores
Pectorals normal  
Pelvics strikingly large or elongated striking black
One or two ventral melanophores near the tail. At a length of 5 mm, the dorsal fin begins to form.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of vertebrae     35 263
Preanal number of vertebrae     10 263
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod 3.5   Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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