| Main Ref. | Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | variable throughout range |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawns once a year for several years in low productivity streams, but exhibits multiple spawning within a season in high productivity environments (Ref. 40290, 40756). Releases eggs in open open water, often close to surface. Eggs drift and adhere to different substrates and are often covered by sand or detritus. Individual females may spawn daily for a short period (Ref. 59043). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |