| Main Ref. | Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | throughout the year, but peaking once |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Breed at the sea throughout the year. Juveniles move into estuaries and enter rivers usually in late winter or early spring. Males remain in freshwater until 4 years, females for up to 7 years. Fish return first to estuaries before maturing sexually prior to spawning (Ref. 7248). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |