| Main Ref. | James, P.W. and C.A. Taber, 1986 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | monogamy: |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. Page, L., 1983 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 36980). Eggs are found attached to the substrate abandoned (Ref. 7043). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |