| Main Ref. | Hart, J.L., 1973 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | in brood pouch or similar structure |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | paternal |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | A female wraps herself around a male in a rigid vertical S position. Eggs are fertilised in the brood pouch of the male (Ref. 6885). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |