| Main Ref. | Sokolov, L.I. and L.S. Berdicheskii, 1989 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Bless, R., 1997 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Both male and female move to surface or open water to spawn. Eggs drift with current, sink to bottom and stick to substrate (Ref. 59043). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |