| 主要参考文献 | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
| 模态 | dioecism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | |
| 产卵频度 | |
| Spawning aggregation | 参考文献 |
| 批次产卵者 | 参考文献 |
| 生殖同功群 |
nonguarders Open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| 生命周期与交配行为的描述 | Reproduction occurs in rivers and lakes, and may be also in estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 2683). |
| 搜寻有关繁殖更多的参考资料 | Scirus |