| Scientific Name | Author | English Name |
|---|---|---|
| Acanthobunocephalus nicoi | Friel, 1995 | |
| Acanthobunocephalus scruggsi | Carvalho & Reis, 2020 | |
| Amaralia hypsiura | (Kner, 1855) | |
| Amaralia oviraptor | Friel & Carvalho, 2016 | |
| Aspredinichthys filamentosus | (Valenciennes, 1840) | Sevenbarbed banjo |
| Aspredinichthys tibicen | (Valenciennes, 1840) | Tenbarbed banjo |
| Aspredo aspredo | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Banjo catfish |
| Bunocephalus aleuropsis | Cope, 1870 | |
| Bunocephalus aloikae | Hoedeman, 1961 | |
| Bunocephalus amaurus | Eigenmann, 1912 | Camouflaged catfish |
| Bunocephalus chamaizelus | Eigenmann, 1912 | |
| Bunocephalus colombianus | Eigenmann, 1912 | |
| Bunocephalus coracoideus | (Cope, 1874) | Guitarrita |
| Bunocephalus doriae | Boulenger, 1902 | |
| Bunocephalus erondinae | Cardoso, 2010 | |
| Bunocephalus hartti | Carvalho, Cardoso, Friel & Reis, 2015 | |
| Bunocephalus knerii | Steindachner, 1882 | Ecuador banjo catfish |
| Bunocephalus larai | Ihering, 1930 | |
| Bunocephalus minerim | Carvalho, Cardoso, Friel & Reis, 2015 | |
| Bunocephalus verrucosus | (Walbaum, 1792) | Gnarled catfish |
| Dupouyichthys sapito | Schultz, 1944 | |
| Ernstichthys anduzei | Fernández-Yépez, 1953 | |
| Ernstichthys intonsus | Stewart, 1985 | |
| Ernstichthys megistus | (Orcés V., 1961) | |
| Ernstichthys taquari | Dagosta & de Pinna, 2021 | |
| Hoplomyzon atrizona | Myers, 1942 | |
| Hoplomyzon cardosoi | Carvalho, Reis & Friel, 2017 | |
| Hoplomyzon papillatus | Stewart, 1985 | |
| Hoplomyzon sexpapilostoma | Taphorn & Marrero, 1990 | |
| Micromyzon akamai | Friel & Lundberg, 1996 | |
| Platystacus cotylephorus | Bloch, 1794 | Banded banjo |
| Pseudobunocephalus amazonicus | (Mees, 1989) | |
| Pseudobunocephalus bifidus | (Eigenmann, 1942) | |
| Pseudobunocephalus iheringii | (Boulenger, 1891) | |
| Pseudobunocephalus lundbergi | Friel, 2008 | |
| Pseudobunocephalus quadriradiatus | (Mees, 1989) | |
| Pseudobunocephalus rugosus | (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903) | |
| Pseudobunocephalus timbira | Leão, Carvalho, Reis & Wosiacki, 2019 | |
| Pterobunocephalus depressus | (Haseman, 1911) | |
| Pterobunocephalus dolichurus | (Delsman, 1941) | |
| Xyliphius anachoretes | Figueiredo & Britto, 2010 | |
| Xyliphius barbatus | Alonso de Arámburu & Arámburu, 1962 | |
| Xyliphius kryptos | Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1983 | |
| Xyliphius lepturus | Orcés V., 1962 | |
| Xyliphius magdalenae | Eigenmann, 1912 | |
| Xyliphius melanopterus | Orcés V., 1962 | |
| Xyliphius sofiae | Sabaj, Carvalho & Reis, 2017 |