Ecology Summary - Brotula multibarbata

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Main Ref.	Hobson, E.S., 1974
Remarks	Is a diurnally secretive species. Swims out on the reef after dark but is mostly exposed only during transit from one crevice to another (Ref. 13550). Benthopelagic on shelf and upper slope (Ref. 34024). Also found in shallow lagoon and seaward reefs and occurs at depths of at least 220 m. Adults (30-90 cm) move to depths of 100-650 m (Ref. 58472). A nocturnal species, rarely seen for it lives in caves and crevices during the day and periodically emerges from cover at night to feed on crustaceans, mainly crabs, and fishes. Larvae found in the epipelagic far offshore (Ref. 34024).

Main Ref.

Hobson, E.S., 1974

Remarks

Is a diurnally secretive species. Swims out on the reef after dark but is mostly exposed only during transit from one crevice to another (Ref. 13550). Benthopelagic on shelf and upper slope (Ref. 34024). Also found in shallow lagoon and seaward reefs and occurs at depths of at least 220 m. Adults (30-90 cm) move to depths of 100-650 m (Ref. 58472). A nocturnal species, rarely seen for it lives in caves and crevices during the day and periodically emerges from cover at night to feed on crustaceans, mainly crabs, and fishes. Larvae found in the epipelagic far offshore (Ref. 34024).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Brotula multibarbata may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004
Special habitats	Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Hobson, E.S., 1974
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	3.67	0.53	3.84	0.79	Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
From individual food items	3.91	0.66			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Hobson, E.S., 1974

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