Main Ref. | Walczak, P.S., 1982 |
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Remarks | Feeding activity of adult E. sardella starts at sunrise. Within 1-2 hrs., maximum degree of fullness is reached. For data on stomach fullness, refer to LARVAE of E. sardella of length >10.5 mm from Ref. 4366. Larvae are also day-time feeders. This truly pelagic species supports a large commercial fishes in Malawi(Ref. 4967). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Walczak, P.S., 1982 |
Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
Feeding habit Ref. | Walczak, P.S., 1982 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.03 | 0.08 | |||
From individual food items | 2.93 | 0.22 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Walczak, P.S., 1982 |