Ecology Summary - Hypostomus ventromaculatus

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Main Ref.	Burgess, W.E., 1989
Remarks	Lives in the lower reaches of rivers within the limit of the brackishwater and the first rapids (Ref. 35381). Very abundant in estuaries; prefers dead tree trunks and the vast zones of flooded vegetation (Ref. 27188). Also occurs on the muddy bottoms of the banks occupied by Montrichardia arborescens, moving together Loricaria cataphracta and Pimelodus blochii according to the tide. Feeds mainly on unicellular algae and then on protozoa, rotifers, nematodes and arthropods as accessory food items.

Main Ref.

Burgess, W.E., 1989

Remarks

Lives in the lower reaches of rivers within the limit of the brackishwater and the first rapids (Ref. 35381). Very abundant in estuaries; prefers dead tree trunks and the vast zones of flooded vegetation (Ref. 27188). Also occurs on the muddy bottoms of the banks occupied by Montrichardia arborescens, moving together Loricaria cataphracta and Pimelodus blochii according to the tide. Feeds mainly on unicellular algae and then on protozoa, rotifers, nematodes and arthropods as accessory food items.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Hypostomus ventromaculatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79)
Feeding type Ref.	Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette, 2000
Feeding habit	selective plankton feeding
Feeding habit Ref.	Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette, 2000

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.08	0.32			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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