Main Ref. | Cabanban, A.S., 1991 |
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Remarks | Pelagic (Also Ref. 9773) species which occur in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Fishes mainly Stolephorus spp. formed the most preferred food item contributing up to 61.58%, crustaceans and molluscs formed occasional food items (Ref. 31496). Coastal shoaling species. Hovers near the surface and intolerant of turbid waters. Filter feeder. Feeds on crab larvae, mantis shrimp, krill, and juvenile fishes (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | shoaling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Cabanban, A.S., 1991 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.24 | 0.68 | |||
From individual food items | 3.93 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |