Ecology Summary - Anotopterus pharao

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Main Ref.	Kukuev, E.I., 1998
Remarks	Inhabits the epimesopelagical layer. Juveniles and fry observed exclusively within the central-circle current and its periphery; large adults caught mainly in boreal and subarctic waters. Feeds mainly on small and moderate-sized mesopelagic fishes; the largest Paralepis coregonoides and Arctozenus risso, had body length of 28-30 cm; a specimen caught from the southern region of Reykjanes Ridge had 12 individuals of Sebastes mentella ranging from 4.5-5 cm. Stomachs of those caught in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge have small squids (Ref. 31260). Preyed upon by cod, halibut, whales and albacore (Ref. 5951).

Main Ref.

Kukuev, E.I., 1998

Remarks

Inhabits the epimesopelagical layer. Juveniles and fry observed exclusively within the central-circle current and its periphery; large adults caught mainly in boreal and subarctic waters. Feeds mainly on small and moderate-sized mesopelagic fishes; the largest Paralepis coregonoides and Arctozenus risso, had body length of 28-30 cm; a specimen caught from the southern region of Reykjanes Ridge had 12 individuals of Sebastes mentella ranging from 4.5-5 cm. Stomachs of those caught in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge have small squids (Ref. 31260). Preyed upon by cod, halibut, whales and albacore (Ref. 5951).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Anotopterus pharao may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Pelagic;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Kukuev, E.I., 1998
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Kukuev, E.I., 1998

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.34	0.76			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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