Main Ref. | Wetherbee, B.M., S.H. Gruber and E. Cortes, 1990 |
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Remarks | Occurs on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Fees on fish and mollusks (Ref. 568). Frequently inhabits coral reefs of the IndoPacific Region (Ref. 9137). Cleaned by Elacatinus puncticulatus (Ref. 35860). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Wetherbee, B.M., S.H. Gruber and E. Cortes, 1990 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.19 | 0.57 | 4.09 | 0.60 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 4.36 | 0.75 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |