| Κύρια Αναφ. | Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978 |
|---|---|
| Σχόλια | Occurs in coastal waters, over sand, rock or mud bottoms (Ref. 13608). Juveniles found near the shore, associated with Thalassia beds (Ref. 9626). Also found in brackish water (Ref. 3798). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, polychaete worms, fishes, and other invertebrates. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Soft Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Αναφ. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Τροφικός Τύπος | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Cervigón, F., 1993 |
| Τροφική Συνήθεια | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Cervigón, F., 1993 |
| Estimation method | Αρχικό δείγμα | Μη αλιευμένος πληθυσμός | Σχόλιο | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Από σύσταση δίαιτας | 3.58 | 0.24 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| Από ατομικά τροφικά αντικείμενα | 3.60 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Αναφ. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||