Ecology Summary - Oligoplites palometa

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นิเวศวิทยาของ Oligoplites palometa

อ้างอิงหลัก	Duque-Nivia, G., A. Acero, A. Santos-Martinez and E. Rubio, 1996
ข้อสังเกต	Found mainly in brackish and freshwaters; also over muddy bottoms of coastal marine waters (Ref. 5217). May leap out of the water. A carnivorous fish that returns to the sea to reproduce (Ref. 36880). Bears venomous glands on dorsal and anal spines (Ref. 40401). Juveniles up to 8.2 cm FL feed mainly on scales taken from larger fishes, also on benthic and planktonic crustaceans, and to a minor extent on smaller fishes and polychaetes (Ref. 40402). Juveniles up to 3.0 cm TL adopt a dark brown color pattern while close to decaying plant fragments, an example of camouflage (Ref. 40401, 46533). Over open, detritus-free and light colored sandy bottom, adopts a contrasting yellowish and dark brown pattern, an example of warning colors. Its conspicuous colors are mimicked by juveniles of the non-venomous grunt Pomadasys ramosus (Ref. 46533).

อ้างอิงหลัก

Duque-Nivia, G., A. Acero, A. Santos-Martinez and E. Rubio, 1996

ข้อสังเกต

Found mainly in brackish and freshwaters; also over muddy bottoms of coastal marine waters (Ref. 5217). May leap out of the water. A carnivorous fish that returns to the sea to reproduce (Ref. 36880). Bears venomous glands on dorsal and anal spines (Ref. 40401). Juveniles up to 8.2 cm FL feed mainly on scales taken from larger fishes, also on benthic and planktonic crustaceans, and to a minor extent on smaller fishes and polychaetes (Ref. 40402). Juveniles up to 3.0 cm TL adopt a dark brown color pattern while close to decaying plant fragments, an example of camouflage (Ref. 40401, 46533). Over open, detritus-free and light colored sandy bottom, adopts a contrasting yellowish and dark brown pattern, an example of warning colors. Its conspicuous colors are mimicked by juveniles of the non-venomous grunt Pomadasys ramosus (Ref. 46533).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	ปากแม่น้ำ/บึงน้ำกร่อย/ทะเลน้ำกร่อย mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds ถ้ำ อย่างเดียว,โดยเฉพาะ

Highighted items on the list are where Oligoplites palometa may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

อ้างอิง
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks	Scale-eating behaviour was suggested to originate from opportunistic foraging on other fishes (cleaning) (Ref. 28733).
Parasitism

การให้อาหาร

วิธีการให้อาหาร	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Duque-Nivia, G., A. Acero, A. Santos-Martinez and E. Rubio, 1996
นิสัยในการกินอาหาร	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Duque-Nivia, G., A. Acero, A. Santos-Martinez and E. Rubio, 1996

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	ตัวอย่างดั้งเดิม		ประชากรที่ยังไม่มีการทำการประมง		ข้อสังเกต
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	ข้อสังเกต
จากส่วนประกอบของอาหาร	4.30	0.48	4.37	0.74	Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
จากรายการอาหารของสัตว์แต่ละชนิด	4.16	0.67			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
อ้างอิง	Duque-Nivia, G., A. Acero, A. Santos-Martinez and E. Rubio, 1996

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