主要参考文献 | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |
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附注 | Found in the coral reefs of the Indo-West Pacific Region (Ref. 9137). Mainly a coastal species (Ref. 48635). Inhabits silty dead reefs in protected waters. Secretive (Ref. 37816). Feeds mainly on fish (Ref. 30531) and crustaceans. Courtship and pair spawning were observed by Donaldson (1989, Ref. 6900). Males are territorial and will chase away intruding fish. Can utilize an area of around 25 square meters (Ref. 128523). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; : silt; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
参考文献 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |
摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
从食物内容 | 4.07 | 0.62 | 4.01 | 0.62 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
从个别的食物项目 | 3.83 | 0.61 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参考文献 | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 |