Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino; salobre demersal; oceanodromo; rango de profundidad 1 - 45 m (Ref. 43588), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 43588). Subtropical; 23°S - 41°S

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Southwest Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to at least Mar de la Plata, Argentina.

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 39 - ? cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 127691); common length : 32.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 43588); edad máxima reportada: 11 años (Ref. 127691)

Short description Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total): 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total): 71-77; Espinas anales 0; Radios blandos anales: 52 - 59; Vértebra: 35 - 36. Body shape oval, with the greatest breadth 2.5 times in length. Eyes are on the left side, close together, and equally in advance. Teeth are in a single series, sharply pointed. Dorsal fin origin aligned with eyes. Lateral line arched over the pectoral fin. Eye side of the body slightly rough, with finely ciliated scales (Ref. 3157).

Populations are found in shallow coastal marine waters (Ref. 127691). They enter coastal lagoons (Ref. 36453). Nursery grounds are found in estuaries, coastal lagoons and brackish surf waters (Ref. 127691). Adults feed on pelagic and benthic species of crustaceans (penaeids and brachyurans), and lesser important fishes (Ref. 43588). Juveniles mainly feed on plolychaetes (Ref. 127691).

Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : Amaoka, Kunio | Colaboradores

Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p. (Ref. 36453)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 06 December 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesquerías: comercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.4 - 22.8, mean 16.1 °C (based on 118 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00431 - 0.01062), b=3.10 (2.97 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.54 se; based on food items.

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (K = 0.12).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 64.7 [29.4, 115.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.905 [0.455, 1.626] mg/100g; Protein = 16.3 [13.9, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.173 [0.086, 0.325] g/100g; Selenium = 24.3 [11.4, 54.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [3.3, 46.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.681 [0.446, 1.021] mg/100g (wet weight);

Paralichthys orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1839)