| المرجع الرئيسي | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
| الوضع | dioecism |
| التخصيب | external |
| Mating type | |
| تكرر التزاوج | Variable throughout range |
| Spawning aggregation | مرجع |
| دفع التفريخ | Yes. مرجع Koli, L., 1990 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| وصف دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج | Some spawn almost year round but mainly in spring and summer, near to the coast or up to 100 km out to sea, the young drifting inshore. Individual period of spawning takes about two months (Ref. 92054). |
| البحث عن المزيد من المراجع حول الأنتاج | Scirus |