主な参照 | Böhlke, J.E. and J.E. Randall, 1963 |
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意見 | Often found in caves or under ledges. Feeds on benthic and planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 26355). Mobile invertebrates feeder (Ref. 57616). Swim with belly toward substratum, thus under ledges seen upside down. Males show various types of nest care behavior (Ref. 35580). Retreat into recesses when alarmed (Ref. 9710). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
参照 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | Feed on ectoparasites of other fishes (Ref. 5521). |
Parasitism |
供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Böhlke, J.E. and J.E. Randall, 1963 |
食性 | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2005 |
Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
餌料組成から | |||||
個々の食物品目から | 3.31 | 0.41 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参照 |