| อ้างอิงหลัก | Woodland, D.J., 1990 |
|---|---|
| ข้อสังเกต | Young & adult in small schools (<10) in very shallow water, close to the bottom. The species is not strongly corallophilic, preferring hard rocky bottoms. Mediterranean population inhabit rocky pools & outcrops. In Mauritius, solitary & small groups were seen about luxurious coral on outer reef edge & face of drop-off of the reef down to 6 m; larger schools of small individuals on inner reef flats where coral cover was poor or absent (Ref. 1419). Associated with seagrass (Ref. 118046). Herbivorous, mainly phaeophytes. Juveniles form large schools while adults congregate in small groups (Ref. 127989). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| อ้างอิง | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| วิธีการให้อาหาร | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Woodland, D.J., 1990 |
| นิสัยในการกินอาหาร | browsing on substrate |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Woodland, D.J., 1990 |
| Estimation method | ตัวอย่างดั้งเดิม | ประชากรที่ยังไม่มีการทำการประมง | ข้อสังเกต | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| จากส่วนประกอบของอาหาร | 2.00 | 0.01 | 2.00 | 0.02 | Troph of juv./adults from 6 studies. |
| จากรายการอาหารของสัตว์แต่ละชนิด | 2.23 | 0.03 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| อ้างอิง | Stergiou, K.I., 1988 | ||||