主な参照 | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
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意見 | Inhabits lakes, ponds, sloughs, and backwaters and pools of streams. Usually occurs among vegetation over mud or sand, most common in clear water. Forms schools (Ref. 1998). Feeds early in the morning, from midnight to 2 am (Ref. 1998). Individuals up to 16 cm feed on planktonic crustaceans and free-swimming, nocturnal, and dipterous larvae; larger individuals feed on small fishes (Ref. 1998). May be preyed upon by other fishes (Ref. 1998). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Special habitats | vegetation |
Special habitats Ref. |
参照 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
食性 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
餌料組成から | 4.05 | 0.46 | |||
個々の食物品目から | 3.81 | 0.62 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参照 | Turner, J.L., 1966 |