Ecology Summary - Makaira nigricans

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Main Ref.	Nakamura, I., 1985
Anmärkningar	Oceanic species. Water color affects its occurrence, at least in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the fish show preference for blue water. Rarely gathers in schools and usually found as scattered single individuals. Feeds mostly in near-surface waters but sometimes takes food in relatively deep water as is shown by the presence of deep sea fishes as Pseudoscopelus in the stomachs of specimens caught off Puerto Rico.

Main Ref.

Nakamura, I., 1985

Anmärkningar

Oceanic species. Water color affects its occurrence, at least in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the fish show preference for blue water. Rarely gathers in schools and usually found as scattered single individuals. Feeds mostly in near-surface waters but sometimes takes food in relatively deep water as is shown by the presence of deep sea fishes as Pseudoscopelus in the stomachs of specimens caught off Puerto Rico.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	Flodmynningar/laguner/bräckta havsområden mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds Grottor uteslutande

Highighted items on the list are where Makaira nigricans may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Föda

Typ av föda	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Nakamura, I., 1985
Födosöksstrategi	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Nakamura, I., 1985

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Ursprungligt prov		Ofiskad population		Kommentar
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Kommentar
Från födosammansättning	4.49	0.29	4.50	0.71	Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies.
Från individuella födoämnen	4.39	0.63			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Júnior, T.V., C.M. Vooren and R.P. Lessa, 2004

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