Ecology Summary - Himantura uarnak

ພາສາ:

ນິເວດວິທະຍາຂອງ Himantura uarnak

ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ	Fricke, R., 1999
ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ	Tolerates very low salinities. Feeds on benthic organisms at lies on the seabed (Ref. 9773). Euryhaline species. Found in sandy or muddy substrates (Refs. 127989, 129713). Common off sandy beaches and in shallow estuaries and lagoons; also found in sandy areas of coral reefs (Refs. 9710, 9773). Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Also offshore down to 50 m depth (Ref. 5578). May enter fresh water (Ref. 5578). Feeds on small fishes, bivalves, crabs, shrimps and worms.

ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ

Fricke, R., 1999

ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ

Tolerates very low salinities. Feeds on benthic organisms at lies on the seabed (Ref. 9773). Euryhaline species. Found in sandy or muddy substrates (Refs. 127989, 129713). Common off sandy beaches and in shallow estuaries and lagoons; also found in sandy areas of coral reefs (Refs. 9710, 9773). Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Also offshore down to 50 m depth (Ref. 5578). May enter fresh water (Ref. 5578). Feeds on small fishes, bivalves, crabs, shrimps and worms.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	ເຂດຊາຍຝັ່ງທະເລ/ທະເລເທິງເກາະຫີນປະກາລັງ/ທະເລນ້ຳກ່ອຍ mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds ຖ້ຳ ຢ່າງເລືອກເຟັ້ນ

Highighted items on the list are where Himantura uarnak may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.	Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021
Special habitats	Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

ໃຫ້ອາຫານ

ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Compagno, L.J.V., 1986
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Compagno, L.J.V., 1986

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ		ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ		ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ	3.60	0.59			Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ	3.64	0.47			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ	Nasir, N.A., 2000

ກັບຄືນໄປບ່ອນຄົ້ນຫາ

cfm script by eagbayani, , php script by rolavides, 2/5/2008 , ຖືກແກ້ໄຂເທື່ອສຸດທ້າຍໂດຍ mbactong, 10/24/19