主要参考文献 | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
---|---|
附注 | Occur in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Primarily marine but enter fresh water (Ref.4967). Marine species that may enter lakes (Ref. 4323) and lower freshwater reaches of rivers (Ref. 12915). Juveniles are found in brackish mangrove estuaries and sometimes enter fresh water (Ref. 2847). Schooling species (Ref. 75154). Feed on small crustaceans, polychaetes and forams on sand or muddy-sand bottoms (Ref. 12915). Inhabits shallow waters. Tolerance of low salinities enables its presence in estuaries. Forms small shoals. Feeds on amphipods, polychaetes, crabs and shrimp (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; silt; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen, 2006 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
参考文献 | |
---|---|
Associations | shoaling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
从食物内容 | 3.34 | 0.20 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
从个别的食物项目 | 3.46 | 0.33 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参考文献 | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |