Main Ref. | Keith, P., P.-Y. Le Bail and P. Planquette, 2000 |
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Anmärkningar | Found over sand or mud bottoms from the coastline to about 60 m depth (Ref. 3702); rarely in waters with a depth of less than 18 m (Ref. 9626). Juveniles inhabit river estuaries (Ref. 3702). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Chao, L.N., 1978 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Typ av föda | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Keith, P., P.-Y. Le Bail and P. Planquette, 2000 |
Födosöksstrategi | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |
Estimation method | Ursprungligt prov | Ofiskad population | Kommentar | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Från födosammansättning | |||||
Från individuella födoämnen | 3.84 | 0.66 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 |