| 主要參考文獻 | Lowe-McConnell, R.H., 1982 |
| 模態 | dioecism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | |
| 產卵頻度 | |
| Spawning aggregation | 參考文獻 |
| 批次產卵者 | 參考文獻 |
| 生殖同功群 |
guarders clutch tenders |
| Parental Care | |
| 生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Spawns in lake bottoms with pebbles or sand and abundant vegetation (Ref. 3). Lays adhesive eggs on the substratum which are guarded by both parents (Ref. 6298). Reported to deposit and guard eggs in shallow nest (Ref. 12069). Produces up to 1000 eggs (Ref. 1672). |
| 搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |