主要參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
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附註 | Predominantly inhabits sandy substrates (Ref. 128694). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; |
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Substrate Ref. | Harper, L.M., J.S. Lefcheck, R. Whippo, M.S. Jones, Z. Foltz and J.E. Duffy, 2022 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
參考文獻 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
從食物內容 | 3.17 | 0.14 | 3.07 | 0.25 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
從個別的食物項目 | |||||
參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 1967 |