Ref. principal | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
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Notas | Found on the continental and insular shelves, often occurring in shallow water close inshore. Prefers estuaries and shallow bays, especially sandy and algal-covered areas and eelgrass flats. Feeds on small fishes and probably crustaceans and other benthic invertebrates. Often solitary, though some may cluster in resting areas on bottom (Ref. 244). Also in Ref. 9137. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | 3.81 | 0.20 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.85 | 0.75 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kamura, S. and H. Hashimoto, 2004 |